Geographic sciences is a field that encompasses human activity and the physical makeup of planet Earth. Studies in this field can include the interaction between the two, as well as the technology used for data analysis.

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the western most point of Eurasia, Europe is usually divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting the Black and Aegean Seas.

A PhD is a highly advanced degree that helps graduates become experts within a field. Earning this degree may help students be better qualified for their chosen careers as well as any other professional pursuits they may have.

Online or distance learning refers to the use of electronic media and information and communication technologies (ICT) in education. With online learning, one can access education at any time and from any location with an available internet connection.